Internal-combustion engine



April 29, 1952 w. B. BRONANDFR` INTERNAL-CMBUSTION ENGINE 4 Sheets-Sheet l Filed July 3, 1945 A xNvENToR l/l//L HELM 5. 5mm/A NDEA? PI'l 29, 1952 w. B. BRONANDER INTERNAL-CMBAUSTION ENGINE 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed July 3, 1945 INVENTOR M//LHELM B. BRM/Aps@ A oRNEY prl 29, 1952 w. B. BRoNANDr-:R

INTERNAL-CMBUSTION ENGINE 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed July 3, 1945 INVENTOR W/Lf/ELM B, SPa/VANDER BY Cm mm-Au( ATTORNEY April 29, 1952 Filed July 5, 1945 W. B. BRONANDER INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE 4 Shee'csv-Shee'ov 4 v xNVENToR l/l//L HEL /1/1 6mm/,mf 06A GQBY ' ATTORNEY Patented Apr. 29, 1952 -1 UNITED STATES PATENTA oFFlcf-'V' Wilhelm B. Bronander, Montclair, N. J.

Application July 3, 1945, Serial No. 603,070

This invention relates to internal-combustion engines and particularly to the construction and cooling of cylinder heads.

At the present time, internal-'combustion engines and, more especially, aircraft engines, are operated under very high compression and at exceedingly high speeds and develop enormous amounts of heat which must be dissipated. This is particularly true with high octane fuels such as are being used in bombers and fighter planes where speed is most essential.

Under these conditions it has become very difcult to provide adequate cooling facilities for the cylinders and cylinder heads and, more especially; for the portions of the heads around the exhaust ports which become so hot that the lubricant for the valve mechanism burns out, valves freeze, and the cylinder head itself is punctured and destroyed.

This invention has for its salient object to 7 Claims. (Cl. 12S-41.69)

2 The invention may be briefly described as consistinglnf a cylinder head having intake and exhaust ports and4 having formed or Vmounted thereon a plurality of cooling fins extending outwardly from the outer surface of the head-and centered around the axis of the exhaust port and exhaust valve. Furthermore, the cooling fins overcome the difficulties above set forth and to provide a cylinder head and heat dissipating and cooling means so constructed and arranged that the head will be adequately cooled.

Another object of the invention is to provide a simple and practical method of grooving a cylinder head to receive cooling fins.

Further objects of the invention will appear from the following specification taken in connection Withthe drawings which form a part of this application, and in which Fig. 1 is avertical sectional elevation, partly `broken away, showingthe upper portion of an. engine cylinder and a 'cylinder head mounted thereon and constructed in accordance with the invention;

Fig. 2 is avertical sectional elevation taken substantiallyf'on line 2-2 of Fig. 1, looking in -the direction of the arrows;

Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional elevationof the upper portionof one construction o f the cylinder and the intake and exhaust ports embodying the invention, before the valve housings are mounted on the head;

Fig. 4 is a plan view, partly in section, taken substantially on line 4-4 of Fig. 3, looking in the direction lof 'the arrows, lthe intake port flange being removed;

Fig. 5 is a vertical sectional elevation similar to Fig; 3 butshowing the exhaust port threaded to receive a threaded flange and showing 'the head prior to cutting the intake port therethrough;

Fig. 6 is an enlarged sectional elevation showing flns secured thereto;

Fig. 7 is a sectional elevation similar to Fig. 6 but showing a preferred method of anchoring the fins; and

Fig. 8 is a view similar to Fig. 4 but showing the fin groove formed in a spiral about the center of the exhaust port as an axis.

may consist of inverted truncated cones having a common apex disposed on said exhaust port axis and, more particularly stated, disposed at the point of intersection of the axes of the intake and exhaust ports.

Further details of the invention will appear from the following description.

In the particular'embodiment of the invention illustrated in the drawings there is .shown the upper end I0 of a cylinder having circumferential grooves Ii in which are mounted cooling fins l2 of any desired construction, those illustrated being similar to the iins shown in my Patent No. 2,363,224.

To the upper end of the cylinder l0 there is secured in any suitable manner, a cylinder head l5 which, in the form of the invention shown, is threaded to the upper end of the cylinder. The cylinder head has anV intake port IB andan exhaust port I1, these ports being so disposed that their axes X and Y intersect at a point Z which is disposed on the vertical axis of the cylinder l0.

In the form of the invention shown in Figs. l, 2 and 3, the cylinder head I5 has an outwardly extending, outwardly flared flange i8 Vwhich is disposed around the exhaust port I1. The intake port i6 or intake opening is threaded, as shown at 20, and a ring 2l is secured in the threaded opening and has an outwardly extend-- ing and outwardly iiared'ange 22. If desired, the anges i8 and 22 may be welded to the head.

The big problem in connection with the cooling of cylinder heads is the provision of adequate cooling means for the exhaust port and exhaust valve housing mounted thereon. In the present invention, before the exhaust valve housing 25 and the intake valve housing 25 and the ring 2| and ange 22 are secured in positionon the cylin- 'der head l5, the outer surface of the head is provided with a plurality of concentrically arranged grooves 30. These grooves are preferably formed concentricallyV about the axis Y of the exhaust port l1 and, furthermore, the grooves are formed in such a manner as to lie within surfaces of revolution formed by revolving radii in concentric circles abouta point Z on the axis Y of the exhaust port. In this particular embodiment of the inventionillustrated, this Vpoint Z,`as'above explained,'is located at the pointlof intersection of the laxes X-'and Y of the intake and exhaust iports. i U

After the grooves 30 have been formed in the cylinder head in the manner above described by relative rotation of the cylinder head and cutbeing disposed closer together at theA surface .of-

the cylinder head and diverging therefrom.

After the grooves have beenforrned as above.

described and the fins have been Vse :ur ed therein, the intake and exhaust valve housings 25 and 26 are secured to the cylinder head. Inthe formV of the invention shown, r4the intake valve seat 35 and the exhaust ValVeseat 36 lareformed lat the inner ends of sleevesvl and38 which: are provided with external threadswSS and ,40. Theexhaust val-vez housing 25 has. a portion 4l which is threaded onl thev threaded portion 40 ofthe sleeve 38 and'a corresponding portion 42 on the intake valve housing 26V is threaded on the threaded portion 39.of.thesleeve 31.

The valve housingsand 26 haveV laterally extendingflanges and 46 which extend over and engagethe outer flanged ends 4l and 48 of the anges I8 and 22.

Cooling ns 50are formed on the exhaust valve housing 25 but these fins do not embody the invention described andclaimed in this application.-

Fro'm the showings in Figs. l and 2 particularly it will be clear that the surfaces of the fins are conically disposed or consist of inverted truncated 4cones which intersect at acommon apex Z.

Moreover, these cones, when shown insection, as in Figs. 1 and 5,.ar e radially disposed with reference to the point In Fig.,A 5 theexhaust port opening 55 is threaded 1in, a manner similar to the' intake vport I6 in Fig, 1. Fig. 5, however, shows the cylinder head before the intake port has been bored. The grooves 30 are preferably cut` in the head b efgre the intake p ort isbored and these grooves are formed, asabovedescribed, aboutthe center of the exhaustport., After the grooves 36 are cutvthe intake port is formed in the head.

Figs.l 6 and 7 show the ns 3 l mounted in-the grooves 30. They may be anchored in any desired manner and are preferably tapered in thickness, Vbeing thicker adjacent-the head. If desired, the grooves may beformed inra spiral with the center ofthe spiral atthe center-of the exhaust port, as illustrat/ed at 30'1in Fig. 8. In Fig. 84 the cylinder head is grooved ina-spiral 30 aboutthe axis; of1exhaust-port I1 before the intakeY port I6 Ais formed. Portions of the spiral extend beyond the head andareshoWn in dotted lines.

From theforegoing specification it will be evident that asimple and practical method has been provided for groovingcylinder heads in such a mannerthat the coolingfns can be mounted on the-head concentrically. around the axis of the.. exhaust port, whichportion ofthe cylinder head-requiresthe'greatest' cooling or dissipation of heat. Furthermore, by providing fins which are outwardly from the cylinder-head, a, maximum cooling effect-is obtained since the cooling air has ready access to thespaces between the fins.

Although-one specific embodimentof the invention has been particularly shown andv described itf-will be` understood' that theinvention is various cooperating parts may be made without` departing from the spirit or scope of the invention, as expressed in the following claims.

What I claim is:

l., A cylinderxhead having an` exhaust port and anexhaust valve seat therein, and cooling fins mounted on said head and disposed substantially concentrically with relation to a common axis on the 4axis of said exhaust valve port and seat and diverging from the outer surface of the head outwardly.

2. A` cylinderY head having an exhaust port and an exhaust valve seat therein, said head having substantially circular grooves in its outer surface having a common center on the axis of said exhaust port and valve seat, and cooling iinsimounted in said grooves 3. A' cylinder head having anexhaust. port vand an exhaust valve seat therein,` said vhead having grooves in its outer surface centered substantially on the axis of said exhaust port and valvev seat, and cooling fins mountedI "in said grooves, the outer portions of said fins being spaced apart a greater distance than the portlonssecured in the grooves.

4. A cylinder head having an exhaustportand an exhaust Valve seat therein, and cooling fins carried by said head and disposedsubstantially concentrically with relationvto thev axis of said exhaust valve port and seat and disposed-within surfaces of revolution described by radii moved in circles abouta center. disposed on said axis.v

5. A cylinder head having an exhaust port and an exhaust valve seat therein, and coolingns consisting ofinverted truncated cones having a common apex disposed on the axis of said exhaust valve and seat.

G. A cylinder head having an intakeport and an exhaust port, and a plurality of cooling fins carried by said head and consisting of inverted truncated cones formed about the axis of the exhaust port axisas a center and having a common apex disposed at the point of intersection of the axes of the intake and exhaust ports.

7. A cylinder head having anexhaust port, and a cooling 1in groove disposed spirally about the axis of the exhaustport as a center and a cooling fin mounted in said groove andhaving its outer portions spaced apart a greater distance than the portions in the groove.

WILHELM B. BRONANDER.

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885,498 Manelik a c- Apr. 21, 1908 1,559,883 Karr et al Nov. 3, 1925 1,607,346 Heinrichna 1 Nov'. 16, 1926 1,830,626v Terry Nov. 3, 1931 1,867,795 Angle July 19,1932 2,036,417v Laird 1 c l- Apr. 7, 1936 2,070,926 sander et ai. Feb. 16,1937 2,096,741 Christian Nov. 9,1937 2,199,619 naub May. '1,1940 2,227,933 Hersey Jan. 47, 1941 .2,252,276 Steiner et a1 Apr. 12, 1941 2,220,660 Newcomb Apr.' 21, 1942 2,293,612 Steiner-et ai Aug. 13, 1942 2,327,259v Gay -H Aug. 17, 1943 2,330,779 Gregory et al Sept.A 28, '1943 2,363,224.- Bronander Nov, 2.1, 1944 2,368,339 von Knauf Jan, 3o, 19,45 

